Samgyegangsagyean

132 volumes of the Samgyegangsagyean and 92 sheets of old documents were designated in 1998 as a provincial tangible heritage of Jeonbuk, with one further volume of gyean (compact register) additionally designated in 2021. The Samgyegangsa compact is said to have been founded as a gangsa (lecture hall) in the third month of 1621, the first year of the Tianqi era, and to have operated as a private study hall in which seven villages (Singi, Dundeok, Bangchuk, Ubeon, Yongjeong, Daejeong, Dungi, Gujang and Ungyo-ri) and seven clans (Choe, Yi, Han, Kim, Ha, Jang and Yang) educated local students. Classified by title, the gyean can be divided into the Samgye-gyean, the Samgye-dongan, the Samgye-seonan and the Donggye-jikseoan. The Samgye-gyean and Samgye-dongan are registers of those who took part in the dongye (village compact) of Dundeok-bang. According to the surviving registers, in the Joseon period Dundeok-bang generally did not record members' names directly in the register when drafting an initial or revised dongye register, but instead wrote them on small slips of paper (cheomji) pasted onto the register, usually in order of date of birth. When a member died, however, the slip was removed from the register and a separate register made up only of deceased members was compiled — this is the Donggye-seonan, which is accordingly arranged in order of date of death. The Donggye-jikseoan, by contrast, refers to a register in which members' names were written directly rather than on slips. Although their titles differ slightly, all these registers are records of members of the Dundeok-bang dongye. The old documents were produced in the course of running the dongye, and most relate to gongdongnap, or collective tax payment. In the late Joseon period it was widespread practice for village residents to pool funds to buy land and pay from its yield the various forms of corvée labour and taxes that the central government or local offices levied on individuals or villages, or else to raise a fund and lend it at interest, paying the levy from the interest earned. Other documents, such as tongmun (circular notices), were drawn up when matters needed to be widely announced to members in running the dongye. Comprising 135 bound volumes — dongye registers, sido-gi (attendance records) and yongha-gi (expenditure records) — together with 92 sheets of old documents, the Samgyegangsagyean is regarded as an extremely valuable historical source for studying the organisation of dongye and the realities of rural society in the late Joseon period, as well as the history of prices in that period.

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Where it is

Region

Imsil, Jeonbuk

Designation

Provincial Tangible Heritage · 시도유형문화유산