Historical Documents (set) of Haryunbujo Tomb, Hamyang

1) The Hoemaengnok, a record of the covenant oath, measures 108.5 x 81 cm and is kept unglazed in a frame. It is a single woodblock-printed sheet recording the oath sworn by King Taejong after his enthronement, when he gathered the Gaeguk-gongsin, the merit subjects of the founding of the dynasty, who had rendered service in establishing the Joseon dynasty, together with the Jeongsa- and Jwamyeong-gongsin, the merit subjects of the first and second princes' rebellions, performed rites to the various gods, and swore to look after the merit subjects and their descendants. At the top is engraved the king's invocation ('In the year Gapsin [1404], on the sixteenth day of the eleventh month... I, the King of Joseon, Yi, respectfully leading the Gaeguk, Jeongsa and Jwamyeong merit subjects, dare to declare to the spirits of August Heaven and the Sovereign on High, the Royal Ancestral Shrine, the Altars of Soil and Grain, and the mountains, streams and hundred spirits: humbly, a state must have a ruler...'), and below it is engraved the list of merit subjects who took part in the ceremony. At the end of the invocation is engraved the phrase 'the King's subject, Yi Bang-won', Taejong's personal name. The exact date of production is not known, but it appears to date from some point in the early Joseon period. Some worn, illegible portions show traces of later retouching in brush. The document bears no title, but it has provisionally been called the Hoemaengnok by reference to other sources (strictly speaking it should be called the Samgongsin Hoemaengnok, the Record of the Covenant of the Three Merit-Subject Groups). The list records sixty-six merit subjects in all, with Ha Ryun (1347-1416) recorded fifth, after several grand princes, princes, and Kim Sa-hyeong. Ha Ryun gave strong support to Yi Bang-won during the First Prince's Rebellion and was made a Jeongsa-gongsin under King Jeongjong; when Taejong took the throne he was enrolled as a Jwamyeong-gongsin, and, favoured by Taejong, rose as far as Chief State Councillor. His pen name was Hojeong and his posthumous title was Munchung. 2) The Ip-an, an official certificate dated the fifth month of the thirty-ninth year of the Qianlong era (1774), is a certificate of adoption of an heir issued by the Board of Rites to Ha Han-tong in the fiftieth year of King Yeongjo (1774). Like the Hoemaengnok above, it is kept in a frame, and it measures 76 x 106 cm. When the line of descent of Ha Ryun, posthumously titled Munchung, a merit subject under King Taejong, was broken at his great-grandson Ha Hu, the collateral descendants of the Ha clan in Jinju and Hamyang deliberated during the reign of King Yeongjo and settled on Ha Han-tong, ninth-generation descendant of Ha U-chi, a magistrate descended from Munchung-gong through a collateral line, as the man to continue his line. Representatives of the clan, including Ha Eung-cheong of Jinju and Ha Bong, courtesy name Geumbong, of Hamyang, petitioned the throne through the local office, the provincial government and the Board of Rites, obtained the king's permission to establish an heir, and received this certificate from the Board of Rites. This Hoemaengnok shares the same format as the Hoemaengnok held at the Jangseogak Archives, though the former is a single document while the latter is a bound book. The Jangseogak also holds, besides that Hoemaengnok, an eight-leaf book entitled Taejong Daewang Hoemaengnok, which has the same content but a different arrangement of characters; the fact that it is prefixed with the words 'Taejong Daewang' and headed in each section with the titles 'the King's own invocation' and 'Taejong Daewang Hoemaeng Jehyeollok' suggests that it was remade at a later date. In the Gyeongbuk region, too, hoemaengnok documents have been designated as Gyeongbuk Provincial Tangible Cultural Heritage No. 305, a manuscript document, together with the royal edict conferring Jwamyeong-gongsin status on Kim Yeong-nyeol, and No. 309, the woodblock-printed Samgongsin Hoemaengnok. As new events unfolded afterwards, hoemaengnok continued to be produced under successive reigns: a Sipgu-gongsin Hoemaengnok, for nineteen merit subjects, under King Gwanghaegun, a Sipchil-gongsin Hoemaengnok, for seventeen merit subjects, and another Sipgu-gongsin Hoemaengnok under King Injo, and an Isipil-gongsin Hoemaengnok, for twenty-one merit subjects, under King Yeongjo, held in various collections. The exact date of production of the present Hoemaengnok is not known, but as an early-Joseon document it is a rare item, of which few examples survive nationwide; the Ip-an, by contrast, is a late-Joseon document concerned with the question of succession, and is therefore different in nature.

AI Translation

Where it is

Region

Hamyang, Gyeongnam

Designation

Provincial Tangible Heritage · 시도유형문화유산